Relationship Between Physico-Chemical Parameters and Water Quality Indices for Different Uses

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• Mojtaba G.Mahmoodlu ¹
• Maryam Sayadi ²

¹ Assistant Professor of Range and Watershed Management, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.

² Ph.D. Student in water resources engineering, College of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

10.30495/wej.2023.23850.2224

Abstract

Abstract
Introduction: It is important to find a simple connection between physic-chemical parameters and indices due to complexity and difficulties of using some indices. This research was performed to determine the relationship between physicochemical parameters and water quality indices
Methods: In this research, dominant water type of Gamasyab and GharehSou rivers was first determined using radial diagram. Then, to classify the water quality of two rivers, 14 quality water indices together with national standards for drinking water 1053 and WHO were used. Linear regression was used to determine the relationships between quality indices and physicochemical parameters. Finally, for the accuracy of the results of linear regression, the obtained relationships were tested for two other water sources (river and Gorgan Bay).
Findings: Based on hydrochemical results, the predominant type of water in both rivers is Ca-HCO₃. Based on diagrams and criteria related to drinking and agriculture, the water quality of both rivers is in the desired range. The results of Langelier, Ryznar, Larsson-Skold and Puckorius indices showed that water quality for the industrial sector was relatively corrosive. Also, the water quality at the study stations is suitable for livestock drinking. The results of linear regression between quality indices with physicochemical parameters of water and some ion ratios showed that the resulting relationships for calculating quality indices can be used for different water types from fresh to saline. Also, comparing the results of linear regression simulations with water quality indicators, indicates the high accuracy of the relationships in water classification for different uses.

Keywords

• Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test
• Water quality parameters
• Linear Regression
• Water quality indices

20.1001.1.20086377.1401.15.55.2.9

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2.       Ghaedamini F, Zamani-Ahmadmahmoodi R, Najafi M. Water quality assessment of Pireghar river in order to drinking and aquaculture, Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari Province. J Nat Environ [Internet]. 2018;70(3):673–84. [In Persian]

3.       Mokhtari SA, Aalighadri M, Hazrati S, Sadeghi H, Gharari N, Ghorbani L. Evaluation of Corrosion and Precipitation Potential in Ardebil Drinking Water Distribution System by Using Langelier & Ryznar Indexes. J Heal [Internet]. 2010;1(1):14–23.[In Persian]

4.       noori  zahra, malekian A. The Effective Factors on Water Quality of Seimareh and Kashkan Rivers in Ilam and Lorestan Provinces. J Nat Environ [Internet]. 2016;69(2):549–64. [In Persian]

5.       Irani T, Miryaghoubzadeh MH. The investigation of land use change trends and its impact on water quality of Zarrinehroud (West Azarbaijan). Watershed Eng Manag [Internet]. 2019;11(1):76–87. [In Persian]

6.       Cunha DGF, Sabogal-Paz LP, Dodds WK. Land use influence on raw surface water quality and treatment costs for drinking supply in São Paulo State (Brazil). Ecol Eng. 2016;94:516–24.

7.       Falah F, Haghizadeh A. Hydrochemical evaluation of river water quality—a case study: Horroud River. Appl Water Sci. 2017;7(8):4725–33.

8.       Bastanifar I. Analysis of a planner institution to avoid time inconsistency  of civil  budgeting (Case Study: Isfahan Municipality). J Econ Res (Tahghighat- E- Eghtesadi) [Internet]. 2016;51(2):275–306. [In Persian]

9.       Jain CK, Vaid U. Assessment of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes using hydrochemical studies in Nalbari district of Assam, India. Environ Earth Sci. 2018;77(6):3301–16.

10.   Kumar M, Kumari K, Ramanathan A, Saxena R. A comparative evaluation of groundwater suitability for irrigation and drinking purposes in two intensively cultivated districts of Punjab, India. Environ Geol. 2007;53(3):553–74.

11.   Wilcox L V. Classification and Use of Irrigation Waters. Vol. Circular N, United States Department of Agriculture. US Department of Agriculture; 1955. 19 p.

12.   Paliwal K V. Irrigation with saline water. IARI, Monograph no. 2. New Sci New Delhi. 1972;

13.   You SH, Tseng DH, Guo GL. A case study on the wastewater reclamation and reuse in the semiconductor industry. Resour Conserv Recycl. 2001;32(1):73–81.

14.   Strauss SD, Puckorius PR. Cooling-water treatment for control of scaling, fouling, corrosion. Power. 1984;128(6):S1–24.

15.   LARSON TE, SKOLD R V. Laboratory Studies Relating Mineral Quality of Water To Corrosion of Steel and Cast Iron. Corrosion. 1958;14(6):43–6.

16.   Tripathi BM, Kim M, Lai-Hoe A, Shukor NAA, Rahim RA, Go R, et al. PH dominates variation in tropical soil archaeal diversity and community structure. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2013;86(2):303–11.

17.   Organization WH, WHO. Guidelines for drinking-water quality. Vol. 1. World Health Organization; 2004.

18.   Bhat MS, Ray S, Datta PM. A new assemblage of freshwater sharks (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) from the Upper Triassic of India. Geobios. 2018;51(4):269–83.

19.   Atikul Islam M, Zahid A, Rahman MM, Rahman MS, Islam MJ, Akter Y, et al. Investigation of Groundwater Quality and Its Suitability for Drinking and Agricultural Use in the South Central Part of the Coastal Region in Bangladesh. Expo Heal. 2017;9(1):27–41.

20.   Zhao G, Li W, Li F, Zhang F, Liu G. Hydrochemistry of waters in snowpacks, lakes and streams of Mt. Dagu, eastern of Tibet Plateau. Sci Total Environ. 2018;610–611:641–50.

21.   Laxmankumar D, Satyanarayana E, Dhakate R, Saxena PR. Hydrogeochemical characteristics with respect to fluoride contamination in groundwater of Maheshwarm mandal, RR district, Telangana state, India. Groundw Sustain Dev. 2019;8:474–83.

22.   Chien CC, Kao CM, Chen CW, Dong CD, Chien HY. Evaluation of biological stability and corrosion potential in drinking water distribution systems: A case study. Environ Monit Assess. 2009;153(1–4):127–38.

23.   Rezaei Kalantary R, Azari A, Ahmadi E, Ahmadi Jebelli M. Quality evaluation and stability index determination of Qom rural drinking water resources. J Heal F [Internet]. 2014 Apr 6;1(3):9–16. [In Persian]

24.   Asgari G, Ramavandi B, Tarlaniazar M, Fadaie nobandegani A, Berizie Z. Survey of chemical quality and corrosion and scaling potential of drinking water distribution network of Bushehr city. ISMJ [Internet]. 2015;18(2):353–61.[In Persian]

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