Laboratory evaluation of artificial roughness and adverse slope effect in control of hydraulic jump

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• Mehdi Zeinivand ¹
• Seied Mohsen Sajadi ¹
• Mosaieb Haghighi Nejad ²
• Seyed Amin Asghari Pari ³
• Mahmood Shafai Bejestan ⁴

¹ Assistant Professor, Department of Hydraulic Structures, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

² Graduated in Water Engineering, Khatam Al Anbia Behbahan University of Technology, Khuzestan, Iran

³ Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Technical and Engineering Faculty, Khatam Al Anbia Behbahan University of Technology, Khuzestan, Iran

⁴ Professor, Department of Water Structures, Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

10.30495/wej.2021.23966.2226

Abstract

Abstract
Introduction: Hydraulic jump is created at the end of shoots and many hydraulic structures. The occurrence of a hydraulic jump phenomenon leads to a decrease in the amount of energy in open channels. In the present study, in order to simultaneously evaluate the effect of roughness and the effect of reciprocal slope on reducing the secondary depth of the hydraulic jump, as well as reducing the length of the hydraulic jump.
Methods: In this study, two types of roughness in the form of rhombuses and triangles were compared in a laboratory with a reverse slope of zero to 0.1% compared to a flat surface. The results of experiments related to the effect of roughness in reducing the relative second depth of hydraulic jump showed that rhombic and triangular roughness (in the horizontal plane) were effective in reducing the relative depth of hydraulic jump by 9.6 and 9.1%, respectively. Also, the results related to the effect of reverse slope (at the surface without roughness) on controlling the relative second depth of hydraulic jump showed that creating and increasing the reverse slope in the tested interval alone will not have an effect on reducing the relative second depth of hydraulic jump.
Findings: After examining the effect of roughness and reverse slope in controlling the relative length of hydraulic jump, it was observed that at the highest rate, the relative length of hydraulic jump was reduced by 0.075% and the roughness of rhombic and triangular, by 52.8 and 56.8% was observed. Therefore, as a result of this research, it can be stated that if the goal is to reduce the secondary depth of the hydraulic jump, the best option to reduce the secondary depth of the hydraulic jump is to roughen the bed using triangular roughness.

Keywords

• Hydraulic jump
• Roughness
• reverse gradient
• energy loss
• hydraulic jump length

20.1001.1.20086377.1402.16.57.2.0

---

References

1. 1.      Akan AO. Open channel hydraulics. Elsevier; 2011 Feb 24. 200-265.

   2.      Bélanger, J. B. 1828. “Essai sur la solution numérique de quelques problèmes relatifs au mouvement permanent des eaux courantes Essay on the numerical solution of some problems relative to steady flow of water.” Carilian-Goeury, Paris. (In French).

   3.      Carollo FG, Ferro V, Pampalone V. Hydraulic jumps on rough beds. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. 2007 Sep;133(9):989-99.

   4.      Chanson H. Hydraulics of open channel flow. Elsevier; 2004 May 25.

   5.      Ghassemi A, Omid MH, NasrAbadi M, Raeesi Estabragh A. Evaluate and develop new relationships to estimate submerged hydraulic jump characteristics. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research. 2016 Dec 21;47(4): 755-64.

   6. Ghazali, M., Samadi brojni, H., Ghorbani, B., & Rahmati, A. (2012). A Laboratory study of Velocity profile at Hydraulic Jump on Triangular Corrugated Bed. Irrigation and Water Engineering, 2(4), 117-128.

   7.      Ghazali, M., Samadi Boroujeni, H., Ghorbani, B., and Fattahi Nafchi, R. 2010. Effect of triangular corrugated beds on the hydraulic jump characteristics. J. Iran Water. 4th year. No. 7th, Pp: 99-107. (In Persian)

   8.      Hager WH, Bremen R. Classical hydraulic jump: sequent depths. Journal of Hydraulic Research. 1989 Sep 1;27(5):565-85.

   9.      Heller V. Scale effects in physical hydraulic engineering models. Journal of Hydraulic Research. 2011 Jun 1;49(3):293-306.

   10.  Hosseini, S. M. Abrishami, J. (2005). Open Channel Hydraulics. Mashhad: Emam Reza (In Persian)

   11.  Kazemianzadeh, A. And Allah Daddy, K. and Shafaei Bejestan, M. (2008), "Experimental Investigation of the Impact of Roughness Height on Concentrated Depth Ratio and Rolling Length of Hydraulic Jump in Relaxation Ponds". Third Iranian Water Resources Management Conference, October 387, Tabriz. (In Persian)

   12.  Kazemianzadeh, A. And the shafaei Bejestan, M. (2008), "Experimental study of the effect of roughness arrangement on hydraulic jump characteristics in relaxation ponds". Third Iranian Water Resources Management Conference, October 387, Tabriz. (In Persian)

   13.  Macián-Pérez JF, Vallés-Morán FJ, Sánchez-Gómez S, De-Rossi-Estrada M, García-Bartual R. Experimental Characterization of the Hydraulic Jump Profile and Velocity Distribution in a Stilling Basin Physical Model. Water. 2020 Jun;12(6):1758.

   14.  Pagliara S, Palermo M. Hydraulic jumps on rough and smooth beds: aggregate approach for horizontal and adverse-sloped beds. Journal of Hydraulic Research. 2015 Mar 4;53(2):243-52.

   15.  Pagliara S, Das R, Palermo M. Energy dissipation on submerged block ramps. Journal of irrigation and drainage engineering. 2008 Aug;134(4):527-32.

   16. Palermo, M., & Pagliara, S. (2017). A review of hydraulic jump properties on both smooth and rough beds in sloping and adverse channels. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Formatio Circumiectus, 16(1), 91.‏

   17.  Peterka AJ. Hydraulic design of stilling basins and energy dissipators. US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation; 1964.

   18.  Pourabdollah N, Honar T, Fatahi R. Investigation of Water Velocity and Surface Profile in Hydraulic Jump over Rough Bed with Adverse Slope. Water and Soil Science. 2015 May 22;25(1):143-52.

   19.  RAO NG. Application of momentum equation in the hydraulic jump. La Houille Blanche. 1966 Jun 1(4):451-3.

   20.  Ravar Z, Farhoudi J, Najandali A. EFFECT OF VERTICAL TRAPEZOIDAL ROUGH BED ON HYDRAULIC JUMP CHARACTERISTICS AND ENERGY LOSS.

   21.  Saberi A, Mahpeykar MR, Teymourtash AR. Experimental Study and Numerical Simulation of the Circular Hydraulic Jump on the Concave Target Plate. Modares Mechanical Engineering. 2020 Feb 1;20(2).

   22.  Shafai Bejestan M, Nici K. Effect of Roughness Shape on the Sequent Depth Ratio of Hydraulic Jump. Water and Soil Science. 2009 Jun 22;19(1):165-76.

   23.  Shojaeian Z, Dalir AH, Farsadizadeh D, Salmasi F. Investigation of Hydraulic Jump Characteristics in Divergent Rectangular Sections on Inverse Slope. Water and Soil Science. 2011 Nov 22;21(3):49-60.