بررسی آزمایشگاهی اثر شمع در کاهش آبشستگی پایه‌ی پل دوکی شکل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد اهواز ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، اهواز، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: مسئله آبشستگی یکی از مهمترین مسائل در بحث مهندسی رودخانه می­باشد. سالانه تعداد بسیار زیادی از پل­ها در سراسر جهان تخریب می‌شوند که عمدتا به دلیل عدم در نظر نگرفتن نقش هیدرولیکی در طراحی آنها می­باشد. از جمله روش‌های کنترل و کاهش آبشستگی موضعی می‌توان از استفاده از زبری‌ها، طوق، صفحات مستغرق و شمع‌های حفاظتی نام برد. در پژوهش حاضر به بررسی تأثیر شمع‌های حفاظتی در کنترل و کاهش آبشستگی در اطراف پایه‌ی دوکی پرداخته شده است.
روش­: برای انجام این پژوهش آزمایشگاهی، از فلومی با مقطع مستطیلی به عرض و ارتفاع 5/0 و 6/0 متر و از جنس پلکسی­گلاس در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز استفاده شده است. آزمایش‌ها با نصب 5 شمع با زاویه­های مختلف و فاصله نسبی مختلف انجام شد. آزمایش‌ها شامل 36 آزمایش با نصب شمع و 4 آزمایش شاهد بدون شمع می‌باشد. مجموعا" 40 آزمایش­ انجام شد.
یافته‌ها و نتیجه­گیری: نتیجه­های پژوهش آزمایش‌ها نشان دادند با نصب 5 شمع با زاویه‌ی 30 درجه و با فاصله نسبی 5/0 (L/D)=، شاهد 20% کاهش آبشستگی نسبت به پایه‌ی دوکی بدون شمع می‌باشد. این کاهش آبشستگی به دلیل منتقل شدن رسوبات اطراف شمع به سمت پایه ی و جمع شدن رسوبات در وسط شمع­ها و
جلوی پایه‌ی دوکی می­باشد. دلیل دیگر، تغییر رژیم جریان و کاهش سرعت و گردابه در جلوی پایه ی­ دوکی می­باشد که این نیز به نوبه خود باعث کاهش آبشستگی شده است. همچنین افزایش سرعت نسبی (V/Vc) (سرعت جریان به سرعت بحرانی) از 54/0 به 95/0 به‌طور متوسط باعث افزایش آبشستگی به میزان 4/165% شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Laboratory Study of the Effect of pile in Reducing the scure of of spindle-shaped Bridge pier

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Niknam 1
  • Mohammad Heidarnejad 2
  • Alireza Masjedi 2
  • Amin Bordbar 3
1 Ph.D. Student. Department of Water Science Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Associate Prof. Department of Water Science Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Assistant Prof. Department of Water Science Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Scour is among the most critical topics in river engineering. A large number of bridges around the world are destructed mainly due to ignoring the hydraulic function in the design of bridges. The use of roughness, collars, submerged plates, and protective piles are among the methods for controlling and reducing local scouring. This study investigated the effect of protective piles in controlling and reducing scouring around spindle-shaped piers. According to the experimental results, by installing 5 piles at an angle of 30˚ with a relative distance (L/D) of 0.5, scouring decreased by 20% relative to the pile-less spindle-shaped pier. This scour reduction can be attributed to the transport of sediments around the pile toward the pier and accumulation of sediments in the middle of piles and in front of the spindle-shaped pier. The other factor reducing local scour is the change in the flow regime and reduced velocity and vortices in front of the spindle-shaped pier. Moreover, as the relative velocity (V/Vc, the ratio of the flow velocity to the critical velocity) increased from 0.54 to 0.95, scouring increased by 165.4% on average. The water flow colliding the spindle-shaped pier and the formation of a downward flow cause scouring. An increase in the flow velocity also increases the vertical velocity and vortices and thereby scouring. The mathematical model simulated by Flow-3D is consistent with the physical model showing an acceptable error rate of 4.3%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Spindle-shaped bridge base
  • pile
  • scour
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